| Industrial Gas Pollutant Detection Using a Hexagonal-Core Terahertz Photonic Crystal Fiber Sensor |
| Paper ID : 1088-ICEEM2025 (R3) |
| Authors |
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Mohamed Z Elabdein *1, Omar E Khedr2, Nazmi A. Mohammed3, El-Sayed M El-Rabaie4 1dept. of Electronics and Communications Engineering Alexandria Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology Alexandria, Egypt. 2dept. of Electronics and Communications Engineering May Univeristy in Cairo Cairo, Egypt 3dept. of Electronics and Communications Engineering Al-Madinah Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology Giza, Egypt 4dept. of Electronics and Communications Engineering Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Menoufia University Menouf, Egypt |
| Abstract |
| Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) are among the most hazardous industrial pollutants, posing serious threats to both human health and the environment. Even at trace concentrations, these gases can induce severe respiratory disorders, neurological impairments, and chronic health conditions due to their high toxicity and volatility. They are primarily emitted from petroleum refineries, chemical plants, and wastewater treatment facilities, making their prompt detection vital for occupational safety and environmental preservation. To address this need, a photonic crystal fiber (PCF) sensor featuring a hexagonal-core (H-PCF) is proposed for terahertz (THz) range gas sensing. The design incorporates circular air holes in the vestibule region and is optimized via the finite element method (FEM) to evaluate key performance indicators, including effective material loss, confinement loss, and relative sensitivity. Numerical results demonstrate outstanding sensitivities of 97% for H₂S and 95.45% for SO₂, with ultra-low confinement losses, highlighting the sensor’s promise for real-time toxic gas detection. |
| Keywords |
| PCF, pollutants, relative sensitivity, confinement loss, Terahertz. |
| Status: Accepted |